Quba Mosque
Quba Mosque was one of the main centers of struggle against the Pahlavi regime in Tehran, whose imamate was held by Muḥammad Mufattiḥ, and it played an important role in organizing popular demonstrations, especially in 1357 SH. This mosque acted as the loudspeaker of Imam Khomeini and the information base of the Revolution.
The administrators of Quba Mosque met with Imam Khomeini on Dey 4, 1358 SH.
History and Status
Quba Mosque is located on Shariati Street in Tehran, near Husayniyya Irshad. Its construction began in 1351 SH and despite administrative obstacles, its construction was completed in 1353 SH.[1]
This mosque was active in political, cultural, and social arenas and carried out measures such as establishing a library, forming educational classes, and creating a Qard al-Hasan fund[2] and it continues its activities after the Revolution.[3]
Naming
There are two narratives regarding the naming of Quba Mosque: based on one narrative, this name was chosen in a meeting attended by Sayyid Maḥmūd Ṭālaqānī and Murtaḍā Muṭahharī, and based on another narrative, the name Rashad Mosque was initially chosen, but upon the suggestion of ʿAlī Sharīʿatī, inspired by the Quba Mosque in Medina, the first mosque of Islam, it was changed to Quba.[4]
Role in the Islamic Revolution
Muḥammad Mufattiḥ took over the imamate of Quba Mosque in 1354 SH,[5] with the arrival of Mufattih, the mosque turned into one of the most principal centers of revolutionary activities and played an important role in the escalation of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, especially in 1357 SH.[6] In Azar 1357 SH, in response to the people ignoring the restrictions imposed on the mourning ceremonies of Imam Husayn (a), the Pahlavi regime closed down the Quba Mosque and prevented Mufattih from delivering speeches.[7]
The Mosque's Role in Demonstrations and the Eid al-Fitr Prayer of 1357 SH
Template:Main On the Eid al-Fitr of 1357 SH, at the invitation of Mufattih, about 5,000 people gathered in Quba Mosque and marched toward the Qaytariyya Hills with slogans in support of Imam Khomeini.[8] The Eid al-Fitr prayer was held under the imamate of Mufattih with the presence of about 12,000 people.[9] Some consider the programs of the nights of the month of Ramadan in this mosque as among the reasons for the magnificent holding of the Eid al-Fitr prayer and demonstrations in that year.[10] In the Ramadan of 1357 SH, thousands of revolutionary people would gather in the shabistan of the mosque and the surrounding streets. In these ceremonies, in addition to performing religious duties, the popular struggles against the Pahlavi regime were emphasized.[11]
Disseminating Imam Khomeini's First Positions and Revolution News
Quba Mosque acted as the loudspeaker of Imam Khomeini and the information base of the revolution in Tehran, and the first news of Imam Khomeini's positions and revolutionary institutions reached the people through it.[12] SAVAK in its reports always referred to the Quba Mosque as the center of Imam Khomeini's supporters.[13]
Meeting of the Mosque's Administrators with Imam Khomeini
The administrators of this mosque and the students of Marwan met with Imam Khomeini on Dey 4, 1358 SH, and the Imam gave a speech to them. The main axis of the Imam's speech was confronting the plots of the enemies through economic self-sufficiency, preserving the country's defensive power, and national unity.[14]
Notes
- ↑ Muṣḥafī, "Qubā, Masjid".
- ↑ Muṣḥafī, "Qubā, Masjid".
- ↑ See: "Masjid-i Qubā; Muhimtarīn Markaz-i Ḥuḍūr-i Tūdah-hā-yi Inqilābī", Pāygāh-i Takhaṣṣuṣī-yi Masjid.
- ↑ Muṣḥafī, "Qubā, Masjid".
- ↑ "Chih Shud Kih Dūktur Mufattiḥ bih «Qubā» Āmad?", Markaz-i Asnād-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī.
- ↑ Nāṭiq Nūrī, Khāṭirāt, vol. 1, p. 130; Nīkbakht, Ramaḍān 1357, p. 60.
- ↑ Karbāschi, Haft-hazār Rūz Tārīkh-i Īrān wa Inqilāb-i Islāmī, vol. 2, pp. 1023-1024.
- ↑ Ghaffārī, Khāṭirāt, p. 279; Mufattiḥ, Yārān-i Imām bih Riwāyat-i Asnād-i Sāwāk, p. 486.
- ↑ Mufattiḥ, Yārān-i Imām bih Riwāyat-i Asnād-i Sāwāk, p. 484; Barātī, Khāṭirāt, p. 77.
- ↑ Nāṭiq Nūrī, Khāṭirāt, vol. 1, p. 130; Nīkbakht, Ramaḍān 1357, p. 60.
- ↑ "Chih Shud Kih Dūktur Mufattiḥ bih «Qubā» Āmad?", Markaz-i Asnād-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī.
- ↑ "Chih Shud Kih Dūktur Mufattiḥ bih «Qubā» Āmad?", Markaz-i Asnād-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī.
- ↑ Muṣḥafī, "Qubā, Masjid".
- ↑ Imām Khumaynī, Ṣaḥīfa, vol. 11, p. 413.
References
- Imām Khumaynī, Sayyid Rūḥ Allāh, Ṣaḥīfa-yi Imām, Muʾassisa-yi Tanẓīm wa Nashr-i Āthār-i Imām Khumaynī, Tehran.
- "Masjid-i Qubā; Muhimtarīn Markaz-i Ḥuḍūr-i Tūdah-hā-yi Inqilābī", Pāygāh-i Takhaṣṣuṣī-yi Masjid, accessed: 13 Bahman 1393 SH.
- "Chih Shud Kih Dūktur Mufattiḥ bih «Qubā» Āmad?", Markaz-i Asnād-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī, accessed: 24 Mihr 1404 SH.
- Ghaffārī, Hādī, Khāṭirāt-i Hādī Ghaffārī, Tehran, Daftar-i Adabiyyāt-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī, first edition, 1374 SH.
- Karbāschi, Ghulāmriḍā, Haft-hazār Rūz Tārīkh-i Īrān wa Inqilāb-i Islāmī, Tehran, Bunyād-i Tārīkh-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī-yi Īrān, first edition, 1371 SH.
- Muṣḥafī, Muḥsin, "Qubā, Masjid", Dāyirat al-Maʿārif-i Buzurg-i Islāmī, accessed: 24 Mihr 1404 SH.
- Mufattiḥ, Muḥammad, Yārān-i Imām bih Riwāyat-i Asnād-i Sāwāk Shahīd Āyat Allāh Dūktur Muḥammad Mufattiḥ, Tehran, Markaz-i Barrasī-yi Asnād-i Tārīkhī-yi Wizārat-i Iṭṭilāʿāt, first edition, 1382 SH.
- Nāṭiq Nūrī, ʿAlī Akbar, Khāṭirāt-i Ḥujjat al-Islām wa al-Muslimīn ʿAlī Akbar Nāṭiq Nūrī, compiled by Murtaḍā Mīrdār, Tehran, Markaz-i Asnād-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī, second edition, 1384 SH.
- Nīkbakht, Raḥīm, Ramaḍān 1357 wa Masjid-i Qubā, Majalla-yi Zamāna, number 26, 1383 SH.